Rodney J. Paul
Andrew P. Weinbach

Fireworks are a very popular promotion for Minor League Baseball teams. In recent years, fireworks displays have moved beyond holidays to a frequent staple on promotional schedules throughout the baseball season. With increased frequency, the possibility exists that the market for fireworks may become saturated. This paper examines the 2011 season for AAA and AA baseball and finds, controlling for other factors influencing attendance, that increased usage of fireworks does not generate overly detrimental effects in terms of its marginal impact on attendance. Fans appear to continue to...Read more

David E. Kalist

 In the post-9/11 world, managers and owners of large public venues face new challenges. Since stadiums are potential targets of terrorist attacks, sports venues may experience falling ticket sales as the public becomes more concerned about the threat of terrorism. This paper estimates the risk to business disruptions by examining how baseball fans respond to increased terror-alert levels by the U.S. Homeland Security Advisory System. Using game-day attendance for each Major League Baseball team for the period 2002-03, the results indicate that during the early days of the...Read more