Daryl Adair is Associate Professor of Sport Management at University of Technology Sydney, Australia. He regards sport as a dynamic field through which social norms of participation and values attributed to athleticism are played out. Historically, modern sport has tended to separate rather than bring together people of different skin color, ethnic lineage, and religion (as well as gender and social class). The challenge for advocates of cosmopolitanism in sport is to continue the struggle against racism, sectarianism and bigotry, and to recast sport as an environment wherein mutual respect, not enmity, is an overarching goal of players and fans notwithstanding the competitive and institutional nature of sport at both elite and grassroots levels.